Feminism A Viable Social Scientific Approach - 933 Words

Question Two Feminism has evolved to become a viable social scientific approach for investigating the social world surrounding us. This approach has witnessed several transformations, referred to as waves, with each representing a different set of actors, claims and organization. Throughout the history of the United States, and broadly western societies, feminist waves altered political, social and cultural orders changing them to the overall benefit of women (Maclaran, 2015). Despite their variations, feminist waves aspire to make the world more egalitarian giving women more rights, empowerment and choice. An interesting concept describing how society visualizes women was introduced by Mulvey and called the â€Å"male gaze†. The gaze refers to the phenomenon of how culture portrays women in media dominated by the masculine driven prism. It is difficult to classify the conception of the male gaze into any specific wave of feminisms. However, it is a multifaceted concept that p oints to the masculine driven world defined by specific gender roles and assignment, which represents the order the third wave of feminists desire to dismantle. Therefore, the gaze best fits the variegated philosophies and movements of third wave feminism (Mulvey, 1989). To understand third wave feminism, one needs to outline the basic principles of the first and second waves. During the first wave of feminism, feminism was about demanding legal rights for women. Advocating for voting rights,Show MoreRelatedFreud vs Horney3427 Words   |  14 Pagesseveral books that have been published that analyzes the issues between Freud and feminism. In The Enigma of Women, Sarah Kofman comments on Freud’s prediction that feminists would take to the warpath against his writings on the women arguing that Freud’s theories are â€Å"rife† with masculine prejudice (11). Other credible books, such as Samuel Slipp’s The Freudian Mystique raise important questions on Freu d’s theories of feminism. Why did Freud make such grossly biased and incorrect statements about womenRead More It’s Time to Include Gays and Lesbians in Our Study of Literature2601 Words   |  11 Pagesit was written. Published in the early seventies, Rita Mae Brown’s work was a largely autobiographical attempt to share the author’s frustrations in being accepted as a lesbian (Pela 1); she was not necessarily determined to defend her sense of social injustice. Nonetheless, she created a character whose life virtually mirrors her own. Tossed out of both the University of Florida and the National Organization for Women for openly displaying her lesbian lifestyle (Levy 2; Worth 1), Brown’s protagonistRead MoreJudith Butlers Perception of the Female in the Modern Era: Gender Identity and the Act of Becoming in Cindy Shermans History Portraits6698 Words   |  27 Pageswoman is not what one is born but rather what one becomes (Beauvoir, 2004, p. 51). Following the philosophical premises of Nietzsche and the post-moderns, who view life as a series of repetitions in which one is endlessly striving to become what social-historical trends stipulate the thing to be (Kundera, 1984, p. 4 -6), Butler senses an unavoidable obstacle in the act of becoming. It is forever constrained by unforgiving terms and categories that keep the act from total consummation. One mayRead MoreA Study on Metafictive Devices in the French Lieutenant’s Woman5819 Words   |  24 Pagesmaterials, the paper holds the perception that through metafictive devices, Fowles has expressed his critical point of view towards Victorian era and woman emancipation. As a multi-faceted new woman in the novel, Sarah liberates herself from rigid social conventions and finally achieves her spiritual emancipation. Key words: metafictive devices; woman emancipation; Victorian era Contents I. Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...1 II. The Study of Metafictive Devices of The French Lieutenant’sRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesand Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of work that today qualify as constituting the subject of organisational theory. Whilst their writing is accessible and engaging, their approach is scholarly and serious. It is so easy for students (and indeed others who should know better) to trivialize this very problematic and challenging subject. This is not the case with the present book. This is a book that deserves to achieve a wideRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesperspectives on the past) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-1-4399-0269-1 (cloth : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-1-4399-0270-7 (paper : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-1-4399-0271-4 (electronic) 1. History, Modern—20th century. 2. Twentieth century. 3. Social history—20th century. 4. World politics—20th century. I. Adas, Michael, 1943– II. American Historical Association. D421.E77 2010 909.82—dc22 2009052961 The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National StandardRead MoreInfluence Of Western Customs Of Wedding Essay9329 Words   |  38 PagesINFLUENCE OF WESTERN CUSTOMS OF WEDDING ON CONTEMPORARY MUSLIM MARRIAGE CEREMONIES IN WAJIR COUNTY, KENYA BY ABDISHAKUR HUSSEIN SHEIKH C50/27142/2011 A RESEARCH PROPOSAL SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS OF KENYATTA UNIVERSITY JUNE, 2015 DECLARATION This proposal is my original work and has not been presented for a degree in any other University. Sign:___________________________Read MoreThe Historical Transformation of Work14383 Words   |  58 Pageshistory of human societies, it is only in the recent past that work has become synonymous with regular paid employment, a separate sphere of specialized economic activity for which one receives payment. Thus, the current conception of work is a modern social construction, the product of specific historical conditions that are typically denoted by the term ‘industrial capitalism’. The first part of this term indicates that work is a productive activity involving machines powered by inanimate energy sourcesRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagessystem. But much of the country was beginning to question in earnest the structure of colonial society by the early 1930s. The emergence of Rasta during that period corresponds with so much that was happening around the world. Rastas could tell that social unrest in Jamaica was going to lead to a movement away from colonial rule and, having heard Marcus Garvey speak of the importance of Africa to black people in the New World, found in his remarkable success as a leader of thousands in the UnitedRead MoreDissertation Proposal on Managing Diversity of Workforce18916 Words   |  76 PagesPolitical trends are stated to include: â€Å"Projected demographic changes in the period 20052009 will require higher education to compete for government resources requested for corrections, medical assistance, longterm care and K-12 education.† (2006) Social, Values and Lifestyle trends are stated to include: (1) Generation Y (born between 1981 and 1995) members’ learning preferences include emphasizing teamwork, experiential activities, structure, and use of technology. The number of Gen Y students will

The Year Of 1776 By David Mccullough - 1242 Words

Henry Womble Mr. Martin AP US History 14 October 2015 1776- David McCullough The year of 1776 is the most famous year, not only in the Revolutionary War, but in America’s history as well. In this best selling book, 1776, David McCullough decides to not focus so much on the continental congresses, but instead George Washington and his men’s experiences. This is about how the United States of America almost did not even exist and the War of Independence was nearly lost. McCullough is a very well known author and historian who has sold many best selling books such as the books of United States presidents John Adams and Truman. Instead of writing about an important era, he focuses on only writing about that year. During this time, he explains how the colonies of North America decide to break away from England and the â€Å"absolute tyranny† of King George III. McCullough is unique by introducing people with major impact on the conflict of the revolution such as King George III and George Washington as well as a large selection of lesser known people that one would normally just grace over which included certain citizens who either worked in the colonies or was apart of the revolution. Interestingly, this book centers around more of General George Washington in the war and as a leader instead of really focusing on the colonies goal of freedom and independence. This is impressive that George Washington was able to group many untrained men and get them ready for battle. This book doesShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of 1776 By David Mccullough1288 Words   |  6 Pages In his book 1776, David McCullough animates the events and people who fought for American freedom in a new light, bridging a gap between the past and the present. The events described in the novel encompasses the beginnings of the American Revolution during the year of the Declaration of Independence and, instead of putting the main focus on certain events or battles, McCullough emphasizes how the people involved may have felt throughout hardships, triumphs, and loss. In 1776 we see historicalRead MoreEssay on 1776 Book Review 11153 Words   |  5 PagesHistory 1301 April 1st 2012 McCullough, David. 1776. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2005, 386 pp. Word Count- 1157 David McCullough’s novel 1776 is a compelling story of America’s war for independence. We have all read chapters and heard the related history of the war of 1776, but David McCullough takes the epic story even further. The book covers the entire year of 1776 from the beginning of the war until the end. The author provides an extremely detailed description of both sides ofRead MoreGeorge Washingtons 1776: The Battle of Dorchester Heights1111 Words   |  5 PagesOpening to the first page, George Washington is quoted, â€Å"perseverance and spirit have done wonders in all ages.† setting the stage for David McCullough’s book, â€Å"1776†, a historical narrative that avoided academic debates. His thesis being a tight narrative focused around the Continental Army and their leader George Washington. McCullough continued his popular writing techniques of character building by tracing the roads, reading the books, and seeing the houses of his key ch aracters as they wouldRead MoreDavid Mccullough s Life And Many Significant Events Of The Time1044 Words   |  5 Pages1776-David McCullough In 1776 renowned author David McCullough highlights the life and many significant events of the time. Most of the events of 1776 are set in areas like Boston and New York in the Eastern Seaboard. 1776 follows Washington through his triumphs and defeats of the Revolutionary War and gives a detailed description of Washington’s background. The style in which McCullough writes in makes this book simpler and easier to understand. McCullough gives a detailed-although sometimes biased-perspectiveRead MoreAmerican History: The Year Was 17761173 Words   |  5 PagesWhen we think of years in American history that stand out most, 1776 is the first that comes to mind. It was a very eventful yet remarkable year for American colonists. Colonists who went from being faithful subjects of the British rule under King George III, to fighting that same nation for their freedom. American colonists faced a number of very difficult problems at this time. They were undermanned and under armed , fighting one of the largest organized military powers in the world. How canRead More1776 Book Report781 Words   |  4 PagesThe book 1776 by David McCullough tells the story of the military aspects of the American Revolution. McCullough writes the book from both the British and American point of views, creating a better understanding of what both sides were undergoing during the war. Not only does he have a degree from Yale, but McCullough has also been awarded with the nations highest civilian award, the Presidential Medal of Freedom. In addition to this, he has been awarded the Pulitzer Prize twice. He has also writtenRead MoreEssay about Analysis of 1776, by David McCullough978 Words   |  4 Pages David McCullough author of 1776 puts faces and feelings to the events of the Revolutionary war making this an exciting novel even when the ending is known. Acting as a companion to an earlier work of McCullough’s, John Adams, 1776 is a strictly military view of the era versus political. Although the reader may have to get accustomed to the vast amount of characters introduced McCullough makes sure that those you are supposed to remember you will. Every character introduced is describedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book 1776 By David Mccullough1816 Words   |  8 Pages1776 by David McCullough Book Review 1776, a non-fiction historical book, is written by two-time Pulitzer Prize winner David McCullough. The book revolves around the American Revolution, hence the title 1776, and it accurately shows the course of actions that have taken place in that year. 1776 is displays how America became an independent nation and what the individuals during that time had to go through to gain access to freedom and liberty. The Continental Congress approved the Declaration ofRead MoreWhy Did The British Lose The Revolutionary War?1187 Words   |  5 PagesPuritans arrived in Massachusetts in 1620. They had developed their own patriotism and did not consider themselves to be British subjects. Thus, they no longer wanted or needed Britain, for the British were like foreigners in America. After having years of benign British neglect, and after capably governing themselves, the people in the American colonies were not pleased when the British Parliament decided after the end of the successful end of the French Indian War in 1763 to become more engagedRead MoreAnalysis Of David Mccullough s The Battle Of Bunker Hill 1372 Words   |  6 Pagesmore than enough proof on why they deserved independence. David McCullough’s 1776, describes and educates us about events which happened before the war and foreshadows up to the revolution. We learn about the hardships thrown at George Washington and the Continental army whose intentions switched from equal rights to complete emancipation. Battles throughout the Revolutionary War, like the Battle of Bunker Hill, are well known, but McCullough shows the reader how the Continental army continues to strive

Genetic Engineering Designer Babies Essay - 690 Words

Imagine a parent walking into a conference room; a sheet of paper waiting on a table with a lot of different questions on it. Things that many parents wish they had control over. Options such as hair color, skin color, personality traits and other physical appearances are placed out across the page. When they fill questions out, a baby appears as it was described just before. The baby is in the picture of health, and looks perfect in every way. The use of genetic engineering shouldnt give parents the choice to design their child because of the act of humans â€Å"playing† God, the ethics involved in interfering with human lives, and the dangers of changing human genes. Because of recent technological advances in designer babies, parents†¦show more content†¦Although this may be the case in many areas of people’s lives today, it is not always beneficial, or necessary. People may have trouble deciding whether messing with human genes and cells is ethical. Designing the â€Å"perfect child† in many parent’s eyes becomes a harsh question of reality. The concept of a parent’s unconditional love for their child is questioned because of the desire to make their child perfect. If genetically engineering humans becomes a dominant medical option, people could have the chance to create their child however they like: from physical appearances, genetically enhanced genes, and the possibility t o decide what a child thinks and acts, parents have access to designing their entire child. Naturally, people could be creating a super-human. Issues between different races, and eventually creating new prejudices against genetically engineered humans may increase. People may not realize how expensive genetic screening is at first. With only the rich being able to â€Å"enhance† their children, another social issue might occur, giving the world another type of people to outcast. From the most expensive medical treatments, to the least expensive, the risk factor for any procedure stays the same. Scientists still have not perfected the use of genetic engineering in animals, let alone humans. One issue is that genetic tests can’t always predict future disease. NoShow MoreRelatedGenetic Engineering : Designer Babies1077 Words   |  5 PagesGenetic engineering is the process in which new DNA can be added to an organism in order to alter its genetic makeup . ‘Design er Babies’ is a term developed by journalists to describe children born from genetically modified embryos. These modifications are done through In-Vitro Fertilisation (IVF), a process in which eggs are fertilised with sperm in a laboratory outside the mother’s body. There are only two legal forms of using IVF to select embryos based on genetic makeup, which are gender selectionRead MoreGenetic Engineering : Designer Babies1687 Words   |  7 Pages Background History Genetic engineering is the modification of the genes to be able to change the characteristics of the person. â€Å"Designer babies† is when the parents choose the genetic information of the child, while in embryo. The genetic engineering will occur hand in hand with in vitro fertilization. For â€Å"designer babies† to actually be created, the parents need a donor with the genes the parents want inserted in their child. Whereas, genetic therapy is the changing of the person’s genes afterRead MoreGenetic Engineering : Defining Our Children s Traits912 Words   |  4 PagesGenetic Engineering: Defining Our Children’s Traits is an article that explains the concept of altering genes and the advances we have had with genetics. The article starts out by explaining the genetic makeup of humans. Just like we learned in class diploid babies have one alleles from mom and one alleles’ from the father. The articles states how our DNA have genes that are about equal portion from our mother and father. It then goes on to talk about how we are made from the code that our genesRead MoreGenetic Engineering: Making a Gamble Less Risky1290 Words   |  5 PagesGenetic Engineering: Making a Gamble Less Risky At first recognition, the concept of genetic engineering and â€Å"designer babies† seems like a process that could only be possible in futuristic, science-fiction films; however, it is an idea that has become more and more of a prominent issue since it was introduced to the human public. Choosing an embryo’s genetic makeup is a practice that allows potential parents to hold a large amount of power in the life of their child. But should that power be limitedRead MoreThe Future of Genetic Engineering in Babie Is in Our Hands Essay1173 Words   |  5 PagesDesigner Babies Group The Future of Genetic Engineering in Babies is in Our Hands The idea of designer babies has been around for a very long time, in various media, video games all the way to on-screen movies. Only recently through massive breakthrough of technology and science can genetically modified babies actually be possible for the future. The definition of the expression ‘designer baby’ is â€Å"a baby whose genetic makeup has been artificially selected by genetic engineering combined withRead MoreGenetic Enhancement - Designer Babies1618 Words   |  7 PagesDesigner Babies Picture a young couple in a waiting room looking through a catalogue together. This catalogue is a little different from what you might expect. In this catalogue, specific traits for babies are being sold to couples to help them create the perfect baby. This may seem like a bizarre scenario, but it may not be too far off in the future. Designing babies using genetic enhancement is an issue that is gaining more and more attention in the news. This controversial issue, once thoughtRead MoreEssay on Genetic Enhancement is Unethical 1600 Words   |  7 Pagesspecific traits for babies are being sold to couples to help them create the perfect baby. This may seem like a bizarre scenario, but it may not be too far off in the future. Designing babies using genetic enhancement is an issue that is gaining more and more attention in the news. This controversial issue, once thought to be only possible in the realm of science-fiction, is causing people to discuss the moral issues surrounding ge netic enhancement and germ line engineering. Though genetic research canRead MoreGenetic Engineering Is Responsible And Manipulating The Genes Of An Organism1707 Words   |  7 Pagesdoing is designing their future baby. It might sound crazy to be able to engineer one’s children genetically, but technological advancements in the medical and scientific fields have allowed this as a possible option for potential parents. Genetic engineering is controlling and manipulating the genes of an organism. Genetic engineering is usually used to improve the organism’s functions; these organisms are known as genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Genetic engineering is commonly used for the foodRead MoreDesigner Babies Essay863 Words   |  4 PagesDesigner Babies Since the time DNA was discovered, genetic modification has been advancing in our world. Around the late 20th century designing babies became a new topic. Genetic engineering is a powerful and potentially very dangerous tool. To alter the sequence of nucleotides of the DNA that code for the structure of complex living organisms, can have extremely ill effects although the potential benefits can be huge. Today’s advances in gene therapy make it possible to remove bad genes andRead MoreHuman Enhancement Should Be Discontinued1627 Words   |  7 PagesJose Cruz ESL51 Designer Baby Throughout history science has played an important role in society to help the human species strive and achieve numerous accounts of greatness. However; in today s society science has expanded into new territories trying to achieve human perfection, by using technology to create what they think a perfect baby should be. Genetic Engineering or known to the public as designer babies is a term used to describe the use of technology to modify embryos and choose specific

Essay on Juveniles in Adult Prisons - 1612 Words

Juveniles in Adult Prisons A deep look into juveniles in adult prisons. Touch bases on several smaller issues that contribute to juveniles being in and effects of adult prisons. The United States Bureau of Prisons handles two hundred and thirty-nine juveniles and their average age is seventeen. Execution of juveniles, The United States is one of only six countries to execute juveniles. There are sixty-eight juveniles sitting on death row for crimes committed as juveniles. Forty-three of those inmates are minorities. People, who are too young to vote, drink alcohol, or drive are held to the same standard of responsibility as adults. In prisons, they argue that the juveniles become targets of older, more hardened criminals. Brian†¦show more content†¦Some jurisdictions require the child to be over a certain age and charged with a felony, while others permit waiver if the child is over a certain age regardless of offense. Still yet, others have no conditions. Juveniles can be tried in all stated in one o f three ways: 1. Concurrent Jurisdiction: the prosecutor has the discretion of filing charge offenses in either juvenile or criminal court. 2. Excluded offenses: the legislature excludes from juvenile court jurisdiction certain offenses that are either very minor, such as traffic or fishing violations, or very serious, such as murder or rape. 3. Judicial waiver: the juvenile court waives its jurisdiction and transfers the case to criminal court. Barry Feld, Juvenile Law Scholar, suggests that waivers to adult court be mandatory for serious crimes. Those espousing the crime control model believe that the overriding purpose is protection of the public, deterrence or violent juvenile behavior, and the incarceration of serious youthful offenders in the adult criminal justice system. The rehabilitative justice model view this as an attack on the juvenile justice system, but crime control advocates consider such steps a necessary response to a rising juvenile violence rate. Life in Adult Prison The Southwest Multi County Corrections Center, a two-story adult jail is the largest maximum-security program for juveniles under federal authority. The BOP paysShow MoreRelatedJuvenile in the Adult Prison1351 Words   |  6 PagesJuvenile Delinquency December 3, 2014 Juveniles in The Adult Prison Children as young as 14 years old have been tried as adults and are sentenced to die in prison without considering their age and the factors that led the individual to commit the offense. Society believes that a juvenile should be tried as an adult because it will help them understand the consequences of their actions, however, children and teenagers that commit crimes are too young and they don’t have the mental ability to understandRead MoreJuvenile Rehabilitation: Adult Prison vs. Juvenile Incarceration1703 Words   |  7 PagesJuvenile Rehabilitation: Adult Prisons vs. Juvenile Incarceration Maureen Fries-Labra English 122 Anna Hopson December 14, 2009 Juvenile Rehabilitation: Adult Prisons vs. Juvenile Incarceration The criminal justice system has a branch for juvenile offenders. Established in the early twentieth century; it is the responsibility of this division to decide the fates of youthful offenders. This is administered by family court with support of social workers and family. With the increased numberRead MoreJuveniles Should Not Be Tried For Adult Prison1911 Words   |  8 Pages In the recent years, cases of juvenile crimes have been decreasing to its lower rates since the 1980’s which is good. However, there are still plenty of juvenile crimes happening. There has been a big debate going on about whether juveniles should be tried as adults or juveniles, and things just keep getting more and more out of hand. Juveniles are being tried as adults and that is unacceptable. Juveniles should not be tried in adult courts regardless of their crime because they are simply not preparedRead MoreSynthesis Essay- Juvenile Incarceration Into Adult Prisons1414 Words   |  6 PagesBoettch er 10/21/15 Pd.3 Synthesis Essay- Juvenile Incarceration into Adult Prisons Childhood is a time in which memories are created, adventures are explored and social awareness begins to develop. The events that occur during childhood are pivotal in the development of a healthy and substantial life. However, what if those experiences were taken from a child? What would the outcome be if a child could not experience what it is like to be young? Juvenile incarceration strips a person of their childhoodRead MoreIncarceration in An Adult Prison Increases Juvenile Crime Essay1751 Words   |  8 Pagesmeasures towards juvenile delinquency. Today juvenile law is governed by state and many states have enacted a juvenile code. However, in numerous cases, juveniles are transferred to adult court when juvenile courts waive or relinquish jurisdiction. Adolescents should not be tried in the adult court system or sentenced to adult penitentiarys on account of: teen brains are not mature which causes a lack of understanding towards the system, incarceration in an adult facilit y increases juvenile crime, andRead MoreThe Constitutionality Of The Juvenile Justice System1634 Words   |  7 PagesThe juvenile justice system has grown and changed substantially since 1899, when the nation’s first juvenile court was established in Illinois. Originally, the court process was informal often nothing more than a conversation between the youth and the judge and the defendant lacked legal representation. To replace confinement in jails with adults, the early juvenile courts created a probation system and used a separate service delivery system to provide minors with supervision, guidance, and educationRead MoreJuvenile Offenders And The Juvenile Justice System950 Words   |  4 Pages Since 1899 when the juvenile justice system was first created it has undergone quite a series of changes relative to how they go about the overall handling of juvenile offenders in the criminal justice system. In most states the only way for juveniles to be tried as adults is if they are over the age of 16 or if they have committed a violent crime such as rape or assault but recently many juveniles are being tried as adults for even far lesser crimes. It also has been well documented for a numberRead MoreShould Juvenile Offenders Be Considered?1521 Words   |  7 PagesShould juvenile offenders be considered a source of fear and subjected to incarceration in adult prisons or a part of society worthy of being rehabilitated? Juvenile delinquents are feared by many today. They are revered as violent, superpredators, a generation lost without a cause and without ethics or morals. Some may say that it becomes an act in futility to try to find a solution to the increased crime rate when it comes to juvenile offenders. In an effort to find a solution, any solutionRead MoreJuvenile Crime Law Is A Subcategory Of Juvenile Law937 Words   |  4 PagesJuvenile Crime Law is a subcategory of Juvenile Law. Although a type of criminal law, juvenile crime law only de als with under-age individuals, who are treated very differently than adults in criminal law, and usually have their own courts of law (Juvenile Criminal Law, n.d.). When it comes to crime, kids usually go through a different process than adults. But they still have to face consequences (Juvenile Crimes Juvenile Justice - Nolo.com, n.d.). Juvenile Criminal Law is a relevant issue inRead MoreComparing The Geo Group Inc. And The Campaign For Youth Justice1263 Words   |  6 PagesSociety has been plagued by the issue of juveniles being charged as adults and thus being sent to adult prisons. The problem surrounding this issue is that the youth are being forced to share cells with adult inmates; this leaves them more susceptible to assault. There are two stakeholders who hold opposite perspectives surrounding this: the GEO Group Inc. and the Campaign for Youth Justice. The Campaign for Youth Justice is fighting against this issue, whilst the GEO Group doesn t consider the

Accounting Information System for Enterprise Resource Planning

Question: Discuss about the Accounting Information System for Enterprise Resource Planning. Answer: Introduction The accounting information system is defined as a process of collecting, storing, managing, processes, retrieving, and transmission of the data for the use of different business processes, departments, and people. This report discusses the informational system of B bakery firm for the explanation of the different business processes of the firm. The accounting software includes the accounting information system (AIS) and enterprise resource planning (ERP). This assessment describes the business activities such as accounting information system, financial management and auditing for keeping the online accounts of the business transactions and processes. The suitable accounting information system packages vendors and accounting software will be selected for the bakery firm for improving the accounting informational system and financial process of the firm. Along with this, a suitable accounting software category will be selected matching the organizational size and business profile. The explanation will be provided behind the selection of the accounting software vendors and software packages with appropriateness of the features of accounting software for the business processes of firm. Business Processes A baker is the person who makes and sells breads and other products baked using an oven or other sources. Bakers work is to check the quality of ingredients. Moreover, variety of equipments is used by the bakers which include bakers peel. Bakers trade is making and selling bread and cakes for the customers. They perform some of the duties like hiring and supervising kitchen staff and baking personnel (Brooks et al.,2010). In addition to this, bakers employment or business is to make and sell bread or cakes. As a result, they have higher rate of injuries as they work in the machines like hot ovens. This work is risky for the bakers as it includes cuts, and burns while working. (Source: Bakery and Pasty Products Processing) A business process can be defined as an activity or set of activities that helps in attaining the specific goals for the organizations. However, for improving processes the organizations uses business process management. In organizations, there are many types of business tasks which relate to management of human resources (HR), supplier management, inventory management and accounting. Moreover, in the bakery industry the main focus is on the price, accuracy in the delivery of the product, product quality, safety measures, location, and value added services (Weske, 2010). These processes are the key to success for every industry whether it is bakery, or other kind of organization. In every organization the work is managed by the employees that work there. The main focus is on customers satisfaction in the organization. The baker makes the bakery products for the customers with the focus on the quality and quantity of the product. Business processes of B bakery: B bakery is a company in which products are sold to supermarkets and different pub-chains. In a bakery business, it is necessary to apply production unit, supply chain management, marketing, sales, accounts, finance and HR management process. Supply chain management is the process to take care of buying raw material from other businesses, like fruit shop, poultry farm and they are used by the production so that they can produce bakery products. Then, the products are stored and delivery of the products is done to different shops (Newsome and Scholl, 2012). The activities of accounting are managed by financial accountants i.e. payment to suppliers, payment from customers, payroll management of the staffs. HR management is undertaken to take care of hiring of the candidates and payroll of the staffs. At last, the seller takes orders for products sold in the market and also looks after the promotion of the business. These processes are dependent on each other. If any one of these processes is affected then, it will hamper the whole business. For example- if there is problem in production it will affect the whole process whether it is sales, accounts and inventory of finished goods. In the same way, if in other businesses they suffer loss from the accounts, then it will affect the whole process that is sales, management of human resources (HR) will also suffer (Hall, 2012). For the success of the bakery they have to take care about the business processes i.e. supplier management, sales management, inventory management, financial management, etc. Moreover, every organization needs to develop their business processes whether it is bakery or other companies. For achieving organizational goals the business should manage the business processes. Business Requirements Indispensable Processes of the Bakery Almost all the process carried out by bakery business is essential and indispensable. However, the core processes of this business include supply chain management, production, human resources management and accounting. But most important process in the business is accounting as it is the main part of every business. Recently bakery is facing some difficulties in accounts. So, the business wants to have accounting information system for overcoming the difficulties. They want to invest accounting software for developing their business. This accounting software will help them to bring their business at next level of success (Demski, 2013). Some of the business requirements for B bakery are such as Increment in the accounts, combination of all business processes and to improve decision making process for accounting system, Implementation of ERP and IAS for the business so as to manage the accounts at a great extent. ERP helps in accommodation of the process of businesses and it will help in providing better platform for AIS. The bakery needs many outputs in its business for achieving better performance in their marketing business. The main thing every business needs is information. Moreover, every kind of transformational and transactional information is required for the business (Gorla, Somers and Wong, 2010). It will take into consideration the information like payable to suppliers, inventory stock, sales amount, and cost of using raw materials, charges of labour, and possible margins. These tools are important to set competitive price of some product. Furthermore, other information is needed from the payroll staffs of the company. However, it is vital to acquire information from the business processes and the systems used in the business processes to manage the business financially. For the faster business processes better integration will provide better agreement. This will help in earning more sales for the company. The accounting information system implemented over ERP will provide a structure to the business and it will help the business to collect, manage, store and use to retrieve of financial and accounts information by managers, tax consultants, accountants, and auditors. On the other hand, functions and processes are integrated by ERP (Leon, 2013). AIS and ERP integration will bring extra and important information from the business. AIS provide business forecasting information from the process of business by analyzing. Required Outcomes to achieve business objectives In the businesses, the outcome is required from the business processes such as ERP and AIS for developing successful business. They need better output in the business for achieving better performance in their marketing business. Moreover, main thing of the business for achieving objective is to collect information by acquiring every kind of transactional and transformational information which is needed to for achieving the successful business objectives. These processes such as ERP and AIS are implemented in the business and are designed for the innovation of effective work in order to achieve certain objectives. Their role in the business is unique. They enable the business to achieve the business objectives i.e. by increasing sales, cost reduction, and the competitors achieving goals that directly impact the companies performance. ERP helps in providing excellence in customer services with efficiency and effectiveness (Ganesh et al., 2014) in providing goals for the business. The m ain motive of these processes is to develop successful outcomes for the business. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) provides structure to the business. It helps in managing business activities such as manufacturing, marketing, sales, inventory management, finance and payment shipping. It initially focuses on the back office work and public by which the customers are not affected directly. AIS i.e. accounting information system consist of procedures, data, and software information technology. This is also the process which is implemented in the business so as to collect and store data about transactions and activities to provide better outcome in the business to achieve certain objectives. It helps to adequate control on the organizations assets. Moreover, it also helps in decision making of the business. This is important for organizations to achieve objectives. However, some of the factors that are influencing IAS are such as organizational culture, strategy, and technology information. AIS add value by providing better quality and reducing costs of products or services, efficiency improvement, decision making capabilities, knowledge shared (Gelinas, Dull and Wheele,2014). These all things used by the AIS to achieve certain objectives of the business. For achieving certain objectives the organizations has to fulfil the business processes. (Source: Features and functions of Accounting Information System) System Requirements ERP and AIS are implemented in the firm for better performance of the business. These processes are necessary for achieving the business objectives of the company. The enterprise resource planning (ERP) software uses to accommodate all the business processes or objectives of the company. These implementations are necessary to obtain business objective of the company. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) software accommodates all business processes and it will be shared and central database for business processes. The central database is also available for the AIS process (Weygandt, Kieso, and Warfield, 2010). Moreover, AIS software helps to access information from the entire business process and it will help in better processing more accurately. It provides three functions to the business process such as effective and efficient data processing using the data adopted from different transactions by the company. For this function there is need to capture transaction sources and documentation. These transactions are recorded to journals. The journal used to record overall transactions of the company. Then, it will be essential to transfer data from journal to ledger. It also helps the management in taking decisions in providing information from database and analysis. The information is shared with management i.e. managerial reports and financial statements. This software also provides internal control for securing the reliability of information being produced by the software AIS (Zadek, Evans, and Pruzan, 2013). Furthermore, certain features of accounting software: Security: It is the most important feature of every organization. Accounting software stores the confidential data such as account number, financial balances, Social security of the employee, and employer identification number. If these informations are leaked by anyone it could harm the whole business and its finance (Qureshi,et al., 2011). A business owner should take into consideration software from vendors that use to describe security features in detail, protection of password. Reporting: In businesses, accounting software is to track documents and its financial transactions. It includes deposits and withdrawals. Moreover, entrepreneur should have understanding of a program. In addition to the assistance in managing finances, it use to detail the reporting features which supports efforts. Accounts Receivable: Accounting software system enables to handle billing, and tracking of customers information and their payments. Moreover, account receivable features include processing of invoice, automatic invoicing, and processing of payment. These are the processes which are used in the companies for managing the work. Automation: In the businesses, transactions for accounting and financial management task are not enough. The companies need the full automation of expenses of the employees, payrolls, time, and companies budgets of the department. Automatic Update: It is necessary in the companies to update the informations according to any types of changes in the organizations. Hence, the tax laws, and financial practices changes over time (Monk and Wagner, 2012). So, its important to use softwares that are used in the automatic updates. These are important in achieving IT objectives for the company. Connectivity of internet: This feature is important as in todays world no work is successful without internet. Thats why they should consider the accounting software in which there is a ability to send and receive the documents and handle transfer of funds. Expandability of the business: The businesses may grow in scope as well as in the size. They should offer extra capabilities to the business so as to expand the business and achieve the organizational goals. Moreover, with the help of ERP environment the expandability of business is important. Internal operations of the department: Although, accounting softwares are designed to manage the financial transactions of the company. Many packages are integrated to intent the transactions of the firm. It depends on the size and nature of the business and the ability to collect the activities in a single database and it helps in increasing the companieseffeciency. Standard Integration: In todays world new technologies are used in the organizations like web services. Accounting software in todays world enable to integrate with other operational and administrative systems and these softwares allow automating the basic processes and delivering the information with the security in the organization, wherever, across the supply chain in the world. Banking: Accounting software should be linked with the bank account; it enables to make the direct payments and allows them to import the data from bank into the accounting system. In banking some softwares are used such as-Reconcile accounts, preparing of bank deposits, handling of checks. Software Selection After analyzing the business firms scenario, medium size accounting software would be suitable for the B Bakery firm because the firm is also a medium scale business. B Bakery firm is taken as medium sized business because of the number of employee is more than 50 and less than 250 and the revenue of the business is greater than the $5.6 million and less than the $22.6 million (Gelinas et al. 2014). Medium category software is useful for the efficient process and accounting standards of the business firm. Additionally, it also added value to the financial statement of the firm with accuracy that can enable the firm to present the true picture of the business. Medium size software helps the business to process the account with more speed comparison to the manual handling procedures. In addition to this, accounting software also increases the efficiency of the financial transaction by automation of accounting information system. Accounting information software allowed the business firm to done the accounting task with less cost. At the same time, medium size software enables the manager of the firm to take the right decision through automation system. On the other hand, softwares help in managing the complexity of growing business that can directly impact on the performance of the firm. Medium size accounting information system enable the business firm to better management of the inventory in comparison to the small size accounting software, it benefitted to the business through getting the competitive advantages. Moreover, ERP software assists in better relationship with customer to retain them with the business (Monk and Wagner, 2012). Additionally, AIS provides the standard financial tools and also helps in presenting the financial reports of the business. Accounting information software helps in improving the functionality of the manager or accountant of the bakery business that directly impact on the overall performance of the business. Vendor Selection Compare and Contrast There are many accounting software that provide the account automation service and solve the entity problems. Netsuite and Microsoft Dynamics are two major accounting softwares for midsize business (Amzur, 2014). Microsoft Dynamics GP mainly focuses on the target market industries of the medium size business to develop the business. Additionally, it is easy to use and maintain the financial process of the business. Microsoft Dynamics GP software system includes the accounting, revenue management and financial reporting of the data that can integrate the final outcomes of the business. On the other hand, Netsuite software is also used to manage the operations of business and relationship with the customers. It is also a medium size business accounting software to handle the accounting system and enterprise resource planning. At the same time, Netsuite provides real-time business intelligence and automate the whole businesses accounting process. (Source: Netsuite vs. Microsoft Dynamics) Both the accounting software manages the account receivables, account payables, general ledger and time or expense report of the business (Netsuite, 2016). Netsuite software is an open system so it integrates CRM and e-commerce for the business that add value in the functionality of the system. Netsuites products are ERP, CRM, Ecommerce and Professional Service Automation. Netsuite ERP assists back office operation, HR management and inventory management. Customer relationship management software helps in sales management, marketing management and customer relationship through solving the accounting problem. On the other hand, Microsoft Dynamics GP saves the operation and IT expense for the business firm. Microsoft Dynamics GP also helps in better management of the inventory. Both the software assists the business manager or accountant to take the quick and valuable decision for the firm to drive the business forward in competitive market. (Source: Netsuite Features) The difference between Microsoft Dynamics and Netsuite is identified from the following table:- Point of Difference Microsoft Dynamics Netsuite Suitability Small and mid-sized small organizations, mid markets Mid-sized large enterprises Technology Deployed on premise, mobile Cloud based computerized technology User adoption rates Lower in comparison to Netsuite High user adoption rates License properietary Software as a service Operating system OS Absent Yes, present Linux Not present Yes, present Structure Web assess, remote access, terminal server, mobile access Web-based Type Project management, project accounting, cost accounting, financial reporting and data analysis services CRM, e-commerce, ERP Netsuite is available in many languages and it can be implemented according to the needs of the business. Microsoft Dynamics GP transacts in multiple currencies and real time visibility, and dashboard also helps in tracking the business records easily. Netsuite software not only provides the accounting solution but it also manages the marketing and CRM functions. At the same time, it also integrates with the cloud ERP solutions for the business that enable the firm work efficiently in company accounts and operations management. On the other hand, Microsoft Dynamics GP provides the complete solution for business intelligence reporting, human resource management and supply chain management features (Microsoft Dynamics GP, 2016). In this system, supply chain management create invoicing, inventory management, bill of material, and also assists in order management. Additionally, it also supports the manufacturing process of the business that can easily manage the material requirement plan ning, quality assurance and sales forecasting. Therefore, this software is designed as per the needs of the organization. Financial module of Microsoft Dynamics GP support the management as to provide analytical accounting, bank reconciliation, e-banking and fixed asset management that goes to broadening the market capture. It is also designed for the management of multi currency operations that easily exchanges the rates. In contrast to this, Netsuite improve the sales process through powerful tools for the fast growth of the business. Through this, it can improve the performance of the organization. Netsuite CRM includes the commission management and e-commerce characteristics to drive the process of management efficiently and Netsuite is also available in many languages in different countries. Furthermore, Netsuite solution provides the full features web based accounting and Netsuite open air system helps in visibility and control over the project based businesses. Netsuite accou nting software is totally cloud based system while the Microsoft Dynamics GP does not equated with this cloud computing system, this may lead to the loss of data. Suitable Vendor B Bakery wants to implement the IT enabled system for the better processing of accounting system for the business firm. After comparing the accounting software, Netsuite and Microsoft Dynamics GP, it is recommended that the firm should choose Netsuite accounting software for its business. Netsuite is suitable for the B Bakery business because it enable the business to efficiently work on different platform such as android, windows and web-based. Netsuite is also beneficial for the business because it is hosted in the cloud through which all the available data and information can be accessed from anywhere as per the need of the Bakery. Netsuite is suitable for the B Bakery to organize the business process with whole business firm that enable all the employee of firm to use the updated information, it increases the productivity. It also increases the visibility through customized dashboard which is helpful in taking a right decision for the expansion of the Bakery business. Moreover, it also offers affordable price, easy implementation, B2B and B2C collaboration that enhance the compatibility of the Bakery business. Netsuite is available in many usable languages and it can be tailored as the organization expands in different country that improves the flexibility in working of the Bakery business. Netsuites web-based accounting and financial system helps in real time business intelligence in each department of the organization (Netsuite Inc., 2016). It is important to automate the business process that directly reduces the cost and complexity for the Bakery business. Netsuite AIS Integrated with the CRM and e-commerce would be beneficial for the B Bakery business to increase the productivity of the firm. Netsuite is a scalable and expandable as the business grows therefore it can integrate with the system easily. It also provides the standard accounting practices to manage the account. It is reliable software that assists in security of the data. (Source: Features of Netsuite Accounting Software) Netsuite ERP simplifies the back office business process for the medium sized business for the improvement of the performance of Bakery business. Inventory management module of the Netsuite software will help in controlling the cost through inventory control and order fulfilling according to the requirement of the Bakery business. It will enable to run the organization smoothly and efficiently through sales forecasting and email marketing. If the Bakery business uses the software in efficient manner, it will result into higher profits. Manufacturing feature of the software manage the product costing manufacturing routing and bill of material. It is useful for the mid size business to enable them for real time order status, account receivables and promotions of the employees that improve the customer centric approach. With the real time visibility it will strengthen the relationship with the vendor and supplier to the business firm. Netsuites e-commerce product helps in increasing the sales through online mode and it will be helpful in generating more revenue. Furthermore, bar code system of the Netsuite software enables to print the code number on the transaction. Overall Netsuite software will be suitable the B Bakery business. Conclusion Fromthe above discussion, it can be concluded that many differentbusiness process and activities are performed by B Bakery firm including the supply chain, logistics, marketing, distribution, manufacturing, sales, and inventory management for the efficient business performance of the firm. For B Bakery firm, the medium category of accounting sotware category is selected for the business firm. The accounting information software packages vendor, Netsuite would be suitable for for B Bakery because this software meets the complete requirement of the Business firm. This software will improve the accounting information system and financial processes of the company. Along with this, it will assist the firm to manage the inventory, CRM, HR and sales activities more efficiently thereby allowing the firm to reduce its costs and offer its products at competitive prices. References Brooks, G., Franklin, S., Avila, J., Decker, S.M., Baliu, E., Rakitsky, W., Piechocki, J., Zdanis, D. and Norris, L.M., Solazyme. (2010) Healthier Baked Goods Containing Microalgae. U.S. Patent Application . Demski, J. (2013) Managerial uses of accounting information. US: Springer Science Business Media. Ganesh,K., Mohapatra,S., Anbuudayasankar,S.P., Sivakumar,P. (2014) Enterprise Resource Planning: Fundamentals of Design and Implementation. US: Springer. Gelinas,U.J., Dull,R.B., and Wheele., P. (2014) Accounting Information Systems.US: Cengage Learning. Gorla, N., Somers, T.M. and Wong, B. (2010) Organizational impact of system quality, information quality, and service quality, The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 19(3), pp.207-228. Hall, J.A. (2012) Accounting information systems. US: Cengage Learning. Leon. (2013) Enterprise Resource Planning. US: Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Monk, E. and Wagner, B. (2012) Concepts in enterprise resource planning. US: Cengage Learning. Newsome, G.A. and Scholl, P.F. (2012) Quantification of Allergenic Bovine Milk S1-Casein in Baked Goods Using an Intact 15N-Labeled Protein Internal Standard, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 61(24), pp.5659-5668. Qureshi, W., Roach, K.B. and Hassan, T., Zenprise, Inc. (2011) Systems and methods for detecting behavioral features of software application deployments for automated deployment management. U.S: Patent. Weske, M. (2010) Business process management: concepts, languages, architectures. US: Springer Publishing Company, Incorporated. Weygandt, J.J., Kieso, D.E. and Warfield, T.D. (2010) Intermediate accounting. US: John Wiley Sons. Zadek, S., Evans, R. and Pruzan, P.( 2013) Building corporate accountability: Emerging practice in social and ethical accounting and auditing. US: Routledge. Gelinas, U. J.,Dull, R. B. and Wheeler, P. (2014) Accounting Information system. USA:Cengage Learning. Monk, E. and Wagner, B. (2012) Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning. USA: Cengage Learning. Netsuite (2016) Features and Benefit Summary [online] Available at: https://financeoutsource.info/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/NetSuiteFeatures_Benefits.pdf (accessed: 15 September, 2016) Netsuite Inc. (2016) Products, Features and Benefits [online] Available at: https://www.netsuite.com/portal/products/netsuite/erp/supply-inventory.shtml (Accessed: 15 September, 2016) Microsoft Dynamics GP (2016) Overview [online] Available at: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/dynamics/erp-gp-overview.aspx (Accessed: 15 September, 2016) Amzur (2014) Solution Comparison:Netsuite vs Microsoft Dynamics GP [online] Available at: https://www.amzur.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/NetSuite_vs_DynamicsGP-amzur.pdf (Accessed: 15 September, 2016)

Research Program for Salvation Army’s †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Research Program for Salvation Armys. Answer: Research Program for Salvation Armys Retail Outlet Salvation Army has planned to launch a retail outlet for selling their second hand product at reasonable prices for which they need to undertake advertisement campaigns. Advertising is an important concept ofmarketing and promotion that is adopted by various organisations world over(Hackley, 2007). For launching a advertisement campaign they need to adopt market research techniques to collect data, then analyse them and finally to arrive at results for the study. The organisation needs to adopt research of both qualitative and quantitative nature. Firstly, for primary or first-hand data collection techniques they need to prepare a questionnaire for survey from various participants. The questionnaire will need to include various questions for qualitative as well as quantitative data gathering. The survey will need to be conducted in marketplace area where there is presence of a retail outlet to understand customer choice and preferences. Data needs to be collected pertaining to custom er choice and preferences of retail goods, then quantity of goods that they purchase every week, price levels which they are ready to make they purchases and ways they like to make their purchase behaviour as by ordering online or visiting the retail shop. Participants will be made aware regarding the various aims and goals of the survey and then their views will be obtained in regards to the same(Ronald, 2008). Once such data has been collected then quantitative techniques as mean, standard deviation can be applied to understand customer preference for products and prices at which they make such purchase. This will allow the retail outlet to advertise for their products in an appropriate manner. Yumi Foods Dip Lavosh crackers Media Recommendation Yumi food already has a market presence, its teaming with Kurrajong Kitchen for launch of their newest product will be an extension of their brand name(Clow, 2012). The following are some recommendations for their media planning; Media Mix: Media mix for the organisation needs to include all aspects of earned media, shared media, paid media and owned media. Earned Media: The company already has an existing brand name in the market hence, through hoardings and display boards it can further enhance it by depicting new products. This earned media will be able to create a brand recall value for customers. Shared Media: The Company needs to adopt social media promotions of its product through Google+, LinkedIn and so on. This will help the Company create brand awareness and generate maximum possible visibility for its newly launched products. Paid Media: Initial product promotion has to accommodate paid form of advertisements through Facebook, Twitter and other traditional forms of advertisement as newspaper, television as well. Owned Media: At later stages of product launch, the Company can incorporate brand journalism and update various new products and its features in its website as well. Scheduling Strategy and Markets: The Company needs to schedule its product advertisement at appropriate time in the market. It needs to launch its campaign during starting a festival or during a vacation period such that market readily accepts the product(Pricken, 2008) Stone Wood Key Target Audience Stone Wood offers exclusive crafted beers in Australia, which has immense potential to grow within the market. Target audience can be best understood by means of Roy Morgan Value Segments which explores demographic characteristics, psychographic variables and geographic characteristics(Altstiel, 2012). Further exploring consumer decision making process can also enable advertisers understand its target customer niche. However, for the current organisation, focus needs to be done on the following parameters: Demographic Characteristics: Characteristics of customers for crafted beer in Australia would include middle to upper middle income group of customers. It caters to both genders, but generally advertisers needs to target at male customer focus groups as they will like the taste of beer better. It will cater to customer from age group 25 years to 55 years, who are office goers and post office likes to enjoy their day with friends and families. Geographic Characteristics: The Company needs to initially targets key cities within the country as Sydney, Melbourne and so on(Fill, 2013). It needs to put by advertisement campaigns across major locations at the city. Psychographic Characteristics: Customers who would like to drink crafted beers are generally who are passionate regarding their drinks. Those who are generally white collar employees would like to avail the product. References Altstiel, T. . 2012. Advertising creative: Strategy, copy, and design. Sage Publications. Clow, K. E. 2012.Integrated Marketing Communications 5th edition. Prentice Hall Boston. Fill, C. H. 2013. Advertising: strategy, creativity and media. Pearson Education. Hackley, C. . 2007. The trouble with creatives: Negotiating creative identity in advertising agencies. International Journal of Advertising, 63-78. Pricken, M. 2008. Creative advertising: Ideas and techniques from the World's Best Campaigns. Thames Hudson. Ronald, L. W. 2008. Kleppner's advertising procedure. Pearson Education India.